Marriage
Marriage has different objectives in different societies: as in Christianity, the main purpose is sexual satisfaction, then in Hindu society, to protect religion or to perform religious rituals, the purpose of marriage in Muslim societies is to give birth to a legitimate progeny, while the tribal purpose Living together is a social compromise. But the sociological purpose is to give roles to the man and woman, according to them, to discharge roles. Marriage is a system of union between men and women. This union is based on social acceptance, which is accomplished through various rituals and ceremonies. For balance in this system, husband and wife have to perform many roles (tasks) in their lives. Its meaning can be known more clearly through some key definitions,
Definitions of Marriage:
Bogards “Marriage is the institution of entering the family life of man and woman.”
In the words of Westermark (E. Westermarck), “Marriage is the association of one or more men and women who are recognized by practice or law and include the rights and duties of both parties to this organization and the children arising from them.” “This definition has revealed four facts – (a) marriage is a relationship between a woman and a man, (b) this relationship is recognized by practice or law, (c) a marriage relationship is between a woman and a man May be between or a man may be from many women or a woman may be from many men or many women may be from many men, and (d) there are relations of rights and duties between husband and wife and children.
According to R. Lowie, “Marriage reveals the sanctioned associations that continue to exist even after the satisfaction of sexual relations and later come as the cornerstone of family life.” “This definition reveals four things – (a) Marriage is an organization in which men and women meet as husband and wife, (b) this organization is accepted by the society, (c) it justifies sexual satisfaction Is a medium, and (d) it is the basis for entry into family life.
Gillin and Gillin wrote, “Marriage is a society’s (recognized) method of establishing a reproductive family. “This definition mentions three things – (a) Marriage is a method of mixing men and women,
Majumdar and Madan “Marriage receives legal, religious and social acceptance. By this, the recognition of sexual intercourse between two different persons of sex is given.
“Johnson” marriage is a permanent relationship in which a man and a woman gain social acceptance to produce children without losing their status in the community. ”
Murdock refers to “regular sex and financial co-operation while living together.”
Gillin and Gillin “Marriage is a socially acceptable medium for the establishment of a reproductive family.”
Malinowski “defines marriage as a contract.”
Lowy “Marriage is called a firm relationship rather than a legitimate partner.” “Marriage is the fountain pen head of the kinship system.” Marriage is not just a sexual relationship, but a licensing system to become paternity.
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Lacy Meyer “Marriage is a yoga of man and woman in which the woman-born child is considered as the legitimate child of the parents. “” Marriage is a contract for the birth and care of children. ”
Against and Grovey “Marriage is public acceptance and legal registration to be a partner.” Reverse “The means by which human society regulates sexual relations can be termed marriage.”
Features of marriage:
-social Security
– Transfer of culture from one generation to another
– Valid progeny
– To give birth to new rights, responsibilities and roles in parents and children.
– It serves religious, social and cultural purposes. Westermark considers marriage to be an economic institution in addition to a social institution.
Marriage is a relationship of two heterosexuals.
– Marriage is a universal social institution.
– Through this, regulates marriage relations.
-. Parenting and Socialization of Children
– Economic Cooperation
– Mental protection
Marriage objectives
Murdock has given a comparative study of 250 societies and stated the three purposes of marriage.
(i) Sexual satisfaction
(ii) Economic Cooperation
(iii) Parenting and socialization of children.
Gillin and Gillin have stated the five purposes of marriage.
(i) Regulation of sexual relations
(ii) progeny
(iii) Economic Cooperation
(iv) emotional relationship
(v) Establishment of dynasty and kinship
Malinowski has stated three purposes of marriage
(i) Administrative objectives
(ii) cultural purpose
(iii) Psychological Objectives Robin Fox has also given the following three objectives.
(i v) Legitimate sexual satisfaction
(v) Protection of culture
(vi) emotional satisfaction
Majumdar and Madan have stated the following four objectives.
(1) Establishment of house
(ii) entry into sexual relations
(iii) Reproduction
(iv) Parenting of children
Majumdar and Madan, while discussing the objectives, wrote that “Marriage leads to attaining children at the personal level or physical level at the sexual satisfaction and psychological level, and at the social level.”